Keyboard music piano frequencies notes names tone chord piano keys musical 88 notes naming notes German English system MIDI - sengpielaudio
 
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• Keyboard, frequencies = Naming of musical notes, piano keys •

Music notation systems − Music frequencies of equal temperament tuning

Chord name finder by note entry − Notes and octaves on a 88 note keyboard

The English and American scientific system versus the German system

The standard tuning pitch is A4 (A above middle C) − in German-speaking countries it is called a’.
The notes have different names. The German system is used also in many other countries, as there
are e.g. Poland, Czech Republic, and Russia. The frequencies of the 88-key piano keyboard are:

Piano
  key number  		 Note names
English		 Note names
German 		Frequency
Hz
88 C8 c''''' 4186.01
87 B7 h'''' 3951.07
86 A#7/Bb7 ais''''/b'''' 3729.31
85 A7 a'''' 3520.00
84 G#7/Ab7 gis''''/ges'''' 3322.44
83 G7 g'''' 3135.96
82 F#7/Gb7 fis''''/ges'''' 2959.96
81 F7 f'''' 2793.83
80 E7 e'''' 2637.02
79 D#7/Eb7 dis''''/es'''' 2489.02
78 D7 d'''' 2349.32
77 C#7/Db7 cis''''/des'''' 2217.46
76 C7 c'''' 2093.00
75 B6 h''' 1975.53
74 A#6/Bb6 ais'''/b''' 1864.66
73 A6 a''' 1760.00
72 G#6/Ab6 gis'''/as''' 1661.22
71 G6 g''' 1567.98
70 F#6/Gb6 fis'''/ges''' 1479.98
69 F6 f''' 1396.91
68 E6 e''' 1318.51
67 D#6/Eb6 dis'''/es''' 1244.51
66 D6 d''' 1174.66
65 C#6/Db6 cis'''/des''' 1108.73
64 C6 c''' 1046.50
63 B5 h'' 987.767
62 A#5/Bb5 ais''/b'' 932.328
61 A5 a'' 880.000
60 G#5/Ab5 gis''/as'' 830.609
59 G5 g'' 783.991
58 F#5/Gb5 fis''/ges'' 739.989
57 F5 f'' 698.456
56 E5 e'' 659.255
55 D#5/Eb5 dis''/es'' 622.254
54 D5 d'' 587.330
53 C#5/Db5 cis''/des'' 554.365
52 C5 c'' 523.251
51 B4 h' 493.883
50 A#4/Bb4 ais'/b' 466.164
49 A4 concert pitch  a' Kammerton     440.000
48 G#4/Ab4 gis'/as' 415.305
47 G4 g' 391.995
46 F#4/Gb4 fis'/ges' 369.994
45 F4 f' 349.228
44 E4 e' 329.628
43 D#4/Eb4 dis'/es' 311.127
42 D4 d' 293.665
41 C#4/Db4 cis'/des' 277.183
40 C4 (middle C) c' (Schloss-C) 261.626
39 B3 h 246.942
38 A#3/Bb3 ais/b 233.082
37 A3 a 220.000
36 G#3/Ab3 gis/as 207.652
35 G3 g 195.998
34 F#3/Gb3 fis/ges 184.997
33 F3 f 174.614
32 E3 e 164.814
31 D#3/Eb3 dis/es 155.563
30 D3 d 146.832
29 C#3/Db3 cis/des 138.591
28 C3 c 130.813
27 B2 H 123.471
26 A#2/Bb2 Ais/B 116.541
25 A2 A 110.000
24 G#2/Ab2 Gis/As 103.826
23 G2 G 97.9989
22 F#2/Gb2 Fis/Ges 92.4986
21 F2 F 87.3071
20 E2 E 82.4069
19 D#2/Eb2 Dis/Es 77.7817
18 D2 D 73.4162
17 C#2/Db2 Cis/Des 69.2957
16 C2 C 65.4064
15 B1 ,H 61.7354
14 A#1/Bb1 ,Ais/,B 58.2705
13 A1 ,A 55.0000
12 G#1/Ab1 ,Gis/,As 51.9130
11 G1 ,G 48.9995
10 F#1/Gb1 ,Fis/,Ges 46.2493
9 F1 ,F 43.6536
8 E1 ,E 41.2035
7 D#1/Eb1 ,Dis/,Es 38.8909
6 D1 ,D 36.7081
5 C#1/Db1 ,Cis/,Des 34.6479
4 C1 ,C 32.7032
3 B0 ,,H 30.8677
2 A#0/Bb0 ,,Ais/,,B 29.1353
1 A0 ,,A 27.5000

Notenlinie

One octave

The concert pitch A4 (a') lies in the octave between C4 (c') and C5 (c'').
Some manufacturers label the 440 Hz concert pitch not correct as A3. It is A4.

Name and frequency of the octave positions
English A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8
German ,,A ,A A a a' a'' a''' a'''' a'''''
Frequency in Hz  27.5 55 110 220 440 880 1760 3520 7040

Numbers of the lowest c note for the respective musical octave.

All octaves

Oktaveinteilung

Frequencies of the equal temperament
Octave 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
C / B# 16.352 32.703 65.406 130.813 261.626 523.251 1046.502 2093.005 4186.009 8372.018 16744.036
C# / Db 17.324 34.648 69.296 138.591 277.183 554.365 1108.731 2217.461 4434.922 8869.844 17739.688
D 18.354 36.708 73.416 146.832 293.665 587.330 1174.659 2349.318 4698.636 9397.273 18794.545
D# / Eb 19.445 38.891 77.782 155.563 311.127 622.254 1244.508 2489.016 4978.032 9956.063 19912.127
E / Fb 20.602 41.203 82.407 164.814 329.628 659.255 1318.510 2637.020 5274.041 10548.082 -
F / E# 21.827 43.654 87.307 174.614 349.228 698.456 1396.913 2793.826 5587.652 11175.303 -
F# / Gb 23.125 46.249 92.499 184.997 369.994 739.989 1479.978 2959.955 5919.911 11839.822 -
G 24.500 48.999 97.999 195.998 391.995 783.991 1567.982 3135.963 6271.927 12543.854 -
G# / Ab 25.957 51.913 103.826 207.652 415.305 830.609 1661.219 3322.438 6644.875 13289.750 -
A 27.500 55.000 110.000 220.000 440.000 880.000 1760.000 3520.000 7040.000 14080.000 -
A# / Bb 29.135 58.270 116.541 233.082 466.164 932.328 1864.655 3729.310 7458.620 14917.240 -
B / Cb 30.868 61.735 123.471 246.942 493.883 987.767 1975.533 3951.066 7902.133 15804.266 -

Comparing the Frequency Ratios for Equal Temperament and Pure Harmonic SeriesInterval table

MIDI note numbers (midi files)

Octave notation is given here in the international standard ISO system, formerly known as
the ASA (Acoustical Society of America) or ANSI system. In this system, middle C (MIDI
note number 60) is C4; octaves start with C, so the B just below (MIDI number 59) is B3.
The lowest note of the normal modern piano is A0 (MIDI 21), though Boesendorfer
Imperials go down to F0 or even C0. The highest note of the piano is C8 (MIDI 108).

Octave # MIDI Note Numbers
C C# D D# E F F# G G# A A# B
−1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
0 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
2 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47
3 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59
4 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
5 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83
6 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95
7 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107
8 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119
9 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127        

Note: The MIDI specification only defines note number 60 as "Middle C", and all
other notes are relative. The absolute octave number designations shown here
are based on Middle C = C4, which is an arbitrary assignment.

Method for finding the corresponding MIDI note number for a given frequency:
Original expression f = 440 × 2(n − 69) / 12
Simplification step 1: f / 440 = 2(n − 69) / 12
Simplification step 2: log2 (f / 440) = (n − 69) / 12
Simplification step 3: 12 × log2 (f / 440) = n – 69

Formula for finding a MIDI note number given the frequency in Hz of the MIDI note:

n = (12 × log2 (f / 440)) + 69

Given the frequency f for a note in Hz, it is possible to find the corresponding
MIDI note number represented by the variable n.

Interval conversions - Frequency ratio to cents and vice versa

Frequency Range ofMusical Instruments and Singing Voices

MIDI Notes and their corresponding frequencies

MIDI 60 is C4, and not C5.

Note MIDI Hz     Note MIDI Hz
C - 0 8.176     E 4 64 329.63
C# - 1 8.662     F 4 65 349.23
D - 2 9.177     F# 4 66 369.99
D# - 3 9.723     G 4 67 391.99
E - 4 10.301      G# 4 68 415.31
F - 5 10.913     A 4 69 440.00
F# - 6 11.562     A# 4 70 466.16
G - 7 12.250     B 4 71 439.88
G# - 8 12.978     C 5 72 523.25
A - 9 13.750     C# 5 73 554.37
A# - 10 14.568     D 5 74 587.33
B - 11 15.434     D# 5 75 622.25
C 0 12 16.352     E 5 76 659.26
C# 0 13 17.324     F 5 77 698.46
D 0 14 18.354     F# 5 78 739.99
D# 0 15 19.445     G 5 79 783.99
E 0 16 20.601     G# 5 80 830.61
F 0 17 21.826     A 5 81 880.00
F# 0 18 23.124     A# 5 82 932.32
G 0 19 24.499     B 5 83 987.77
G# 0 20 25.956     C 6 84 1046.5
A 0 21 27.50     C# 6 85 1108.7
A# 0 22 29.135     D 6 86 1174.7
B 0 23 30.867     D# 6 87 1244.5
C 1 24 32.703     E 6 88 1318.5
C# 1 25 34.648     F 6 89 1396.9
D 1 26 36.708     F# 6 90 1480.0
D# 1 27 38.890     G 6 91 1568.0
E 1 28 41.203     G# 6 92 1661.2
F 1 29 43.653     A 6 93 1760.0
F# 1 30 46.249     A# 6 94 1864.7
G 1 31 48.999     B 6 95 1975.5
G# 1 32 51.913     C 7 96 2093.0
A 1 33 55.000     C# 7 97 2217.5
A# 2 34 58.270     D 7 98 2349.3
B 1 35 61.735     D# 7 99 2489.0
C 2 36 65.406     E 7 100 2637.0
C# 2 37 69.295     F 7 101 2793.8
D 2 38 73.416     F# 7 102 2960.0
D# 2 39 77.781     G 7 103 3136.0
E 2 40 82.406     G# 7 104 3322.4
F 2 41 87.307     A 7 105 3520.0
F# 2 42 92.499     A# 7 106 3729.3
G 2 43 97.998     B 7 107 3951.1
G# 2 44 103.82     C 8 108 4186.0
A 2 45 110.00     C# 8 109 4434.9
A# 2 46 116.54     D 8 110 4698.6
B 2 47 123.47     D# 8 111 4978.0
C 3 48 130.81     E 8 112 5274.0
C# 3 49 138.59     F 8 113 5587.7
D 3 50 146.83     F# 8 114 5919.9
D# 3 51 155.56     G 8 115 6271.9
E 3 52 164.81     G# 8 116 6644.9
F 3 53 174.61     A 8 117 7040.0
F# 3 54 184.99     A# 8 118 7458.6
G 3 55 195.99     B 8 119 7902.1
G# 3 56 207.65     C 9 120 8372.0
A 3 57 220.00     C# 9 121 8869.8
A# 3 58 233.08     D 9 122 9397.3
B 3 59 246.94     D# 9 123 9956.1
C 4 60 261.63     E 9 124 10548.1
C# 4 61 277.18     F 9 125 11175.3
D 4 62 293.66     F# 9 126 11839.8
D# 4 63 311.13     G 9 127 12543.9

sengpielaudio

Frequency to note calculation
Find out what note a given frequency is. English system.

Frequency  Hz
   
            ↓
   
Note 
 Offset in cents 
The frequency of 440 Hz is the concert pitch note A4.
If someone tells you different, this person is in error.

Interval conversions

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