| Deutsche Version |
| Using impedance matching you make the output impedance of a source equal to the input impedance of the load to which it is ultimately connected. T- and H-pads are used in radio frequency (RF) circuits to attenuate a signal (damping). It is applied where maximum energy (power) is transferred between a source and a load. Then Zin = Zout. But in sound recording, public address, and HiFi only impedance bridging is used. Zin<< Zout. In this case never try to calculate and use T- and H-pads - use voltage dividers instead. ![]() Voltage Divider Calculator No. 1 Entering three or four values calculate the others. The value of Zload can be entered additionally, otherwise it uses automatically a 1 megohm load - unloaded open circuit.
Use the left mouse button - click at a free space. |
Vunloaded means Vout without ZL
A negative solution means damping (loss) - positive solution means amplification (gain).
Voltage damping: 
Output voltage: 
Parallel resistance: ![]()
Unloaded voltage divider:
| Vin = V1+Vout | Z = Z1+Z2 |
| Vout/Vin= Z2 / (Z1+Z2) | V2/V1= Z2/Z1 |
Voltage Divider Calculator No. 2
| This calculator, given any three or four of the five possible values, will
give the results for the remaining one. The ZL value is optional, if not supplied, the calculator uses 1 Megohm. Usefull if you need to enter Vout Fill in any three or four fields in the form below, then click the "calculate" button. The remining field will be calculated, and the results displayed. If you make a new calculation, use always the "reset" button to clear all the boxes. Z = R. |
To compute Input Voltage enter Z1, Output Voltage, and Z2 and then click the calculate button.
To compute Z1 enter Input Voltage, Output Voltage, and Z2 and then click the calculate button.
To compute Z2 enter Input Voltage, Output Voltage, and Z1 and then click the calculate button.
To compute Output Voltage enter Input Voltage, Z1 and Z2 and then click the calculate button.
Ratio (Output Voltage to Input Voltage) = Vout / Vin
Z2 = (ratio × Z1) / ( 1 − ratio)
dB (level) = 20 × LOG (ratio)
Vout = Vin × [Z2 / (Z1 + Z2)]
Interconnection of two audio units - voltage bridging Zout < Zin
Voltage divider (potentiometer) with different control characteristics

Interconnection of two audio units equals a cirquit of a voltage divider − Z2 << Z1.

Attention: The numbering of the impedances is inversely to a voltage divider.

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