Decibel calculator decibels converter dB calculator audio engineering impedance bridging matching - sengpielaudio.com
 
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How to calculate decibels? - dB calculator
● The decibel  calculator  (dB) - a valuable tool ●

dB
factor (ratio)
field size energy size
 
             

With "dB" and "ratio" near the input boxes, you decide what is calculated and which box is the input.
With size of a "field" and size of "energy" you decide if it is 20 times (field size, e.g. volts) or 10 times (energy size, or
power size, e.g. watts) in the formula.
The bar changes plus and minus, when dB is chosen.
It makes the reciprocal, when factor (ratio) is chosen.

Room Modes - sengpielaudio.com

The formulas for voltage and power
and the calculation

Enter a value in the left or right box.
The calculator works in both directions of the ↔ sign.

Voltage V (audio): 
volts		  ↔  Voltage level LV (audio):
dBu
Formula voltage   Formula voltage level
Reference voltage V0 = 0.7746 volt ≡ 0 dBu
Voltage V: 
volts		  ↔  Voltage level LV:
dBV
Formula voltage   Formula voltage level
Reference voltage V0 = 1 volt ≡ 0 dBV
Electric power P: 
watts		  ↔  Electric Power level LV:
dB
Formula power   Formula power level
Reference power P0 = 1 watt ≡ 0 dB

dBm indicates that the reference power is P0 = 1 milliwatt = 0.001 watt ≡ 0 dBm.

Electric power P (telephone): 
watts		  ↔  Electric Power level LP
dBm
Formula power telephone   Formula power level
Reference power P0 = 1 milliwatt (mW) = 0.001 W ≡ 0 dBm
Voltage Ratio and Voltage Level - sengpielaudio.com            Power Ratio and Power Level - sengpielaudio.com
Level of field sizes
Formula Voltage		            Level of energy sizes
Formula power level

Sound pressure, sound intensity, and their levels:
Conversions and calculations of sound sizes and their levels

Sound Field Sizes    AnimatedLaughingSmiley
Sound pressure, sound or particle velocity,
particle displacement or displacement amplitude,
(voltage, current, electric resistance).
Inverse Distance Law 1/r		          Sound Energy Sizes
Sound intensity, sound energy density,
sound energy, acoustic  power.
(electrical power).
Inverse Square Law 1/r²

Pegel in dB

Faktor

a1 and b1 is the reference
'a' could be a voltage V and 'b' could be a power P.    P ~ V2

 Sound pressure 
 Sound field size		 Formula sound pressure           Sound pressure level 
 		 Formula sound pressure level

Reference sound pressure p0 = 20 μPa = 2 × 10-5 Pa ≡ 0 dB
Field sizes as the sound pressure, will always be shown as RMS value.
The sound pressure p is the sound pressure that is specified as an rms value and of the
static pressure pSt (air pressure) of the surrounding air is superimposed. ptotal = pSt + p

Sound intensity 
Sound energy size 		 Formula intensity  Sound intensity level 
 		 Formula intensity level
Reference sound intensity I0 = 1 × 10−12 W/m2 ≡ 0 dB

Sound field sizes: sound pressure, particle velocity, particle amplitude. Field sizes,
such as the sound pressure are always expressed in RMS.
This is mainly proportional to the electric voltage V.
Sound energy sizes: sound intensity, sound energy, sound energy density, acoustic power.
This is mainly proportional to the electric power P.

Decibel scale for linear field sizes, like volts and sound pressures
dB-Ratio - sengpielaudio.com
The logarithmic scale (ratio)

 
 Note - Comparing dB and dBA: There is no conversion formula for
 measured dBA values to sound pressure level dBSPL or vice versa. 
 

3 dB mean voltage related to a ratio of the factor √2 = 1.4142 or 1 / √2 = 0.7071.
Voltage level

3 dB mean power (energy) relatedto a ratio with the factor 2 (doubling) or 0.5 (half).
Power level

 
The level of the output voltage level is 0 dB, that is 100% (factor or ratio = 1). The level of −3 dB is equivalent to 70.7% (factor = 0.7071), and the level of
−6 dB is equivalent to 50% (factor = 1/2 = 0.5) of the initial voltage.
This applies to the field quantity voltage or sound pressure.
 
The level of the output power level is 0 dB, that is 100% (factor or ratio = 1). The level of −3 dB is equivalent to 50% (factor = 0.5) and the level of
−6 dB is equivalent to 25% (factor = 1/4 = 0.25) of the initial power.
This applies to the energy quantity power or sound intensity.
 
Try to understand this.
 

 Sound pressure and
 sound pressure level 

      sound pressure
Note: The radiated sound power (sound intensity) is the cause
and the sound pressure is the effect.
The effect is of particular interest to the sound engineer.
The effect of temperature and sound pressure:
Sound pressure and Sound power – Effect and Cause.
 
Acousticians and sound protectors (noise fighters) need the sound intensity (acoustic intensity). As a sound designer you don't need that sound energy size. The eardrums of our hearing and the diaphragms of the microphones are effectively moved by the sound pressure or the sound pressure level.
 
If you are a technician checking the sound quality by listening with your hearing, think of the sound waves that move your eardrums by the effect of the sound pressure as sound field size. That is why there is the advice:
In sound recording try to avoid the use of sound power and sound intensity as sound energy sizes.
 
How many decibels (dB) is the sound energy W = I×t×A in1 J = W×s?
This question is asked quite rare. For calculations we use more the sound energy sizes: sound energy density, w orE = I / c in J/m3, sound intensity I =
Pac/A in W/m², and sound power Pac in W = J/s and their corresponding levels.
 
Effect and Cause − Sound pressure and Sound power
 
Conversion of Factor or Ratio to Level Value (Decibels dB)
 
The human perception of loudness (Factor, Ratio, Gain)
 
 
Power is like all energy sizes primarily a calculated value.
 

Charts: Conversion of voltage or power ratios to decibels dB
Decibel (dB) level conversion to volt
Conversion: Voltage V to Level dB, dBu, dBV, and dBm

Relationship between Sound Pressure and Sound Power
Sound Power and Pressure Measurements

The defining equation for the level in decibels for field sizes (here voltage) is:
LV = 20 × log10(V/V0)   (dB)      (Z1 = Z2)
where V is the voltage being measured, and V0 is the reference to which V is being compared.
 
The equation for obtaining voltage ratio V/V0 from the level LV in dB is:
V/V0 = 10(LV/20)
 
The defining equation for the level in decibels for energy sizes (here power) is:
LP = 10 × log10(P/P0)   (dB)
where P is the power being measured, and P0 is the reference to which P is being compared.
 
The equation for obtaining power ratio P/P0 from the level LP in dB is:
P/P0 = 10(LP/10)
 
We do audio, not RF.
We usually want to know VOLTAGE ratio, not POWER ratio.
 
It turns out that if you have the same impedance level for one voltage and another, the ratio of the voltages can be accurately expressed as twenty times the log to base ten of the voltage ratios.So if you have an input voltage of 0.1 V from a 600 ohm source, and you get an output power of 32 V into a 600 ohms load, the voltage ratio is 20 × log 10 (32/0.1) = 20 × log (320) = 20 × 2.505 = 50 dB.
 
Although it is only correct to speak of decibels in instances where the input and output impedances are the same, the audio world has ignored that (!), and we speak of voltage ratios without regard to the impedance. So a power amplifier which needs an input of 1.5 V from a 1 K source to give an output of 30 V into 8 ohms is spoken of as having a gain of 20 × log (30/1.5) = 20 × log (20) = 20 × 1.3 = 26 dB.
 
So "dB" is simply another way to write "ratio of".
 
Change in dB Change in factor
  3 dB increase Sound energy doubled: factor √2
  3 dB decrease Sound energy halved: factor √0.5
  6 dB increase Sound pressure doubled: factor 2
  6 dB decrease Sound energy halved: factor 0.5
10 dB increase Loudness perception doubled: factor of 10
10 dB decrease  Loudness perception halved: factor of 0.1
 
Loudness - Sound Pressure - Sound Intensity
 
From: http://www.bv-elbtal.de
 
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